在美国，被移民局逮捕或拘留的移民有一定的权利，但又分不同的情况：如果你在边境或机场被逮捕或拘留，您可能拥有的权利较少。如果你在工作场所、街上、驾车途中或在家中被移民局逮捕，你可能会有更多的权利。不论如何，在美国如果你被逮捕和拘留，你必须保持冷静，根据NILC（国家移民法律中心）官网的建议，请务必记住以下事情：
- You have the right to remain silent. You should ask to speak to a lawyer.
你有权保持沉默，你应该要求和律师谈话。
- Do not sign anything without first talking to a lawyer. You may be signing away your right to see a lawyer or a judge.
在没有和律师谈过之前，不要签署任何文件。你可能签字放弃了见律师或法官的权利。
- Write down the name and telephone number of the deportation officer assigned to your case.
写下负责你案件的驱逐出境官员的姓名和电话号码。
- Do not take “voluntary departure” (that is, do not agree to leave the United States) without first talking to a lawyer. Signing a voluntary departure agreement means that you won’t get a hearing, you will have to leave the U.S., and you may never be allowed to enter the U.S. again or get legal immigration status.
不要采取“自愿离境”(即不同意离开美国)而不事先与律师商量。签署自愿离境协议意味着你不会得到听证会，你将不得不离开美国，你可能永远不会被允许再次进入美国或获得合法移民身份。
- Do not sign “stipulated orders of removal” without first talking to a lawyer. Signing a stipulated order means that you waive your rights to a hearing before a judge and serves as a final order of removal (deportation) signed by the judge.
在没有和律师谈过之前，不要签署“规定的驱逐令”。签署一个规定的命令意味着你放弃在法官面前听证的权利，并作为法官签署的最终驱逐令(驱逐出境)。
- Do not expect Immigration agents or the judge to explain your options, or to give you the right information. Wait to speak with a lawyer before saying or doing anything.
不要指望移民局官员或法官解释你的选择，或给你正确的信息。在说或做任何事情之前等待与律师谈话。
- You have the right to call an attorney or your family if you are detained. You have the right to be visited by an attorney in detention (Immigration jail).
如果你被拘留，你有权要求律师或者你的家人。你有权被拘留中的律师探视(移民监狱)。
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- You have the right to a lawyer, but the government will not pay for or provide that lawyer. You must hire one or find someone who will represent you for free. (Immigration should give you a list of groups you can call that may provide free or low-cost legal advice or representation.) If you see a judge before you can get legal advice, you should ask the judge for more time to find a lawyer.
你有权聘请律师，但政府不会支付或提供律师。你必须雇佣一个或者找一个免费代表你的人。(移民局应该给你一份名单，列出你可以打电话给的团体，这些团体可以提供免费或低成本的法律咨询或代理服务。)如果你在得到法律建议之前先见了法官，你应该要求法官给你更多的时间去找律师。
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- You have the right to contact your consulate. Telephone numbers to your consulate are posted in the jail or you can ask the deportation officer for a list. Your Consul may help you obtain a lawyer.
你有权联系你的领事馆。你领事馆的电话号码张贴在监狱里，或者你可以向驱逐出境官员索要一份名单。你的领事可以帮你找个律师。
- When you get a lawyer, you should tell the lawyer everything you think is important about your immigration case, including whether you have ever been arrested for a crime. It is important that anyone giving you legal advice knows everything about your case so that she or he can give you the best advice. It does not pay to lie or keep information from your lawyer.
当你找到律师的时候，你应该告诉律师你认为有关移民案件的所有重要信息，包括你是否曾经因为犯罪而被逮捕过。任何给你法律建议的人都必须了解你案件的全部情况，这样她或他才能给你最好的建议。对你的律师撒谎或隐瞒信息是没有好处的。
- If you think that your boss reported you to Immigration because you complained about your working conditions, make sure to tell the lawyer this fact. If your boss did report you for this reason, you might be able to bring an official complaint against him or her.
如果你认为你的老板向移民局举报你是因为你抱怨你的工作条件，一定要告诉律师这个事实。如果你的老板确实因为这个原因举报了你，你也许可以对他或她提出正式的投诉。
- In most cases, Immigration must decide within 48 hours whether to put you into immigration proceedings (in front of a judge), and whether to keep you in custody or to release you on bond. After 72 hours, Immigration must give you a Notice to Appear (NTA). This is the notice that provides you with the information about your hearing before an Immigration Judge.
在大多数情况下，入境事务处必须在48小时内决定是否(在法官面前)将你移交入境事务处处理，以及是继续拘留你还是保释你。72小时后，移民局必须给你出庭通知书(NTA)。这是一份通知，提供给你有关你在移民法官面前的听证会的信息。
In most cases, you have the right to ask to be released from detention by paying a bond, or to ask for a bond hearing in front of a judge. (Bond is an amount of money paid to the government to guarantee that you will attend future court hearings.) The judge, though, may order that you stay in detention if the judge decides that you might not show up for your court hearing or that you are dangerous to others.在大多数情况下，你有权要求通过支付保释金来获得释放，或者要求在法官面前举行保释听证会。(债券是支付给政府的一笔钱，用于保证你将来出席法庭听证会。)不过，如果法官认为你可能不会出席法庭听证会或者你对他人构成危险，法官可能会命令你留在拘留所。
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- If you have to leave the U.S., try to speak with an immigration lawyer before leaving. If you leave, you may not be allowed to come back into the country for a certain number of years. It is important you know this before you leave, because if you come back earlier than you’re allowed to, you can be arrested for having committed a serious crime.
如果你必须离开美国，在离开之前试着和移民律师谈谈。如果你离开，在一定的年限内你可能不被允许回到这个国家。你走之前知道这点很重要因为如果你提前回来你可能会因为犯下严重罪行而被捕。
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- If you are afraid to return to your home country, notify your deportation officer and the court immediately. You may be eligible to file a claim for asylum or other relief.
如果你害怕返回你的祖国，立即通知你的驱逐官员和法院。你可能有资格申请庇护或其他救济。
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- If you have been convicted of any criminal offenses, it is extremely important to contact an immigration lawyer that is experienced in matters involving immigration consequences of criminal convictions. If you have a criminal record/conviction, get a copy of your certified transcript from the criminal court.
如果你曾被判犯有任何刑事罪行，联系一位在涉及刑事定罪的移民后果方面经验丰富的移民律师是极其重要的。如果你有犯罪记录/定罪记录，请向刑事法庭索取经核证的成绩单副本。
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- If you are not given a hearing before an immigration judge, find out why and let your lawyer know immediately.
如果你没有得到移民法官的听证会，找出原因，并立即让你的律师知道。
